@article{Tepedino_Horn_Durham_2016, title={Pollen Removal and Deposition by Pollen- and Nectar-Collecting Specialist and Generalist Bee Visitors to Iliamna bakeri (Malvaceae)}, volume={19}, url={https://pollinationecology.org/index.php/jpe/article/view/338}, DOI={10.26786/1920-7603(2016)2}, abstractNote={Up to 60% of the bee species of a region are oligolectic; they collect pollen only from a closely related group of plants though nectar-collecting choices are often broader. Bee specialists are expected to be superior to generalists in gathering pollen from their host plants and perhaps in transferring pollen to host stigmas. We used the oligolege <em>Diadasia nitidifrons</em> and its pollen-host <em>Iliamna bakeri</em> to ask if specialists 1) were more efficient than generalists as pollen-collectors; 2) deposited more pollen on stigmas than generalists; and 3) if pollen-collectors removed and deposited more pollen than did nectar-collectors. We found support for the first and third hypotheses. <em>Diadasia</em> pollen- and nectar-collectors removed more pollen per flower-visit than did their primary generalist competitors (<em>Agapostemon</em> spp.). The superior pollen-gathering efficiency of <em>Diadasia</em> exceeded differences that might be attributed to size: although <em>Agapostemon</em> females are, on average, 12.5% smaller than <em>Diadasia</em> females, pollen-collecting <em>Agapostemon</em> left 22.9% more pollen in flowers than did <em>Diadasia</em>. We found no difference between taxa in time spent foraging on a single flower. <em>Diadasia</em> and <em>Agapostemon</em> pollen-collectors deposited significantly more pollen on <em>I. bakeri</em> stigmas than did nectar-collectors; there was no difference between taxa in pollen deposition. <em>Diadasia</em> was superior to generalists as a pollinator in two ways: <em>Diadasia</em> was 1) a more reliable presence in <em>I. bakeri</em> populations; and 2) always most abundant at <em>I. bakeri</em> flowers. The association between <em>D. nitidifrons</em> and <em>I. bakeri</em> appears to be another example of a highly specialised bee affiliated with an unspecialised host-plant.}, journal={Journal of Pollination Ecology}, author={Tepedino, Vince and Horn, Laura Arneson and Durham, Susan}, year={2016}, month={Oct.}, pages={50–56} }